Best Transporting Pals in Palworld
2 Pals share the top Transporting level of 7, out of 140 that can do the job at all. Levels are the game's own; ties are broken by base work speed, then by how much the Pal eats — nothing here is a judgement call.
All 140 Transporting Pals
- Joint best Transporting Pal — 2 share Lv 7#1
Knocklem#159GroundTransportingLv 7Also Mining 7, Gathering 4- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 9
- Where
- Wild from Lv 55
- #2
Knocklem Ignis#159BFireTransportingLv 7Also Mining 7, Kindling 5- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 9
- Where
- Wild from Lv 65
- #3
Wumpo#134IceTransportingLv 6Also Lumbering 5, Cooling 5, Handiwork 3- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 7
- Where
- Wild from Lv 42
- #4
Wumpo BotanGrassLv 6· also Lumbering 5, Planting 3 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 7
- Where
- Wild from Lv 38
Transporting6 - #5
Lv 6· also Mining 6, Lumbering 5 +2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 8
- Where
- Wild from Lv 46
Transporting6 - #6
Lv 6· also Mining 6, Lumbering 5 +2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 8
- Where
- Wild from Lv 70
Transporting6 - #7
Lv 6· only job- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 9
- Where
- Wild from Lv 65
Transporting6 - #8
Lv 6· also Kindling 6- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 9
- Where
- Wild from Lv 75
Transporting6 - #9
BeakonElectricLv 5· also Generating Electricity 4, Gathering 2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 5
- Where
- Wild from Lv 30
Transporting5 - #10
Beakon CrystIceLv 5· also Cooling 5, Gathering 2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 5
- Where
- Wild from Lv 75
Transporting5 - #11
GrizzboltElectricLv 5· also Generating Electricity 5, Handiwork 4 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 6
- Where
- Wild from Lv 30
Transporting5 - #12
QuivernDragonLv 5· also Mining 4, Gathering 3 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 6
- Where
- Wild from Lv 40
Transporting5 - #13
Lv 5· also Lumbering 4, Planting 3 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 6
- Where
- Wild from Lv 34
Transporting5 - #14
Warsect TerraGroundLv 5· also Mining 5, Handiwork 2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 6
- Where
- Wild from Lv 53
Transporting5 - #15
Lv 5· also Generating Electricity 4- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 7
- Where
- Wild from Lv 47
Transporting5 - #16
RagnahawkFireLv 5· also Kindling 4- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 7
- Where
- Wild from Lv 32
Transporting5 - #17
RenjishiFireLv 5· also Kindling 8, Handiwork 6 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 8
- Where
- Wild from Lv 78
Transporting5 - #18
RoujayDarkLv 5· also Gathering 5- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 8
- Where
- Wild from Lv 74
Transporting5 - #19
Faleris AquaWaterLv 5· also Watering 6- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 9
- Where
- Wild from Lv 56
Transporting5 - #20
MossandaGrassLv 4· also Lumbering 4, Planting 3 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 4
- Where
- Wild from Lv 27
Transporting4 - #21
Mossanda LuxElectricLv 4· also Generating Electricity 4, Lumbering 4 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 4
- Where
- Wild from Lv 31
Transporting4 - #22
Lv 4· also Planting 5, Gathering 4 +2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 6
- Where
- Wild from Lv 45
Transporting4 - #23
BellanoirDarkLv 4· also Handiwork 5, Medicine Production 5- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 7
- Where
- Not in the wild
Transporting4 - #24
Bellanoir LiberoDarkLv 4· also Medicine Production 7, Handiwork 6- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 7
- Where
- Not in the wild
Transporting4 - #25
CryolinxIceLv 4· also Lumbering 4, Cooling 4 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 7
- Where
- Wild from Lv 42
Transporting4 - #26
Cryolinx TerraGroundLv 4· also Lumbering 6, Mining 5 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 7
- Where
- Wild from Lv 56
Transporting4 - #27
HelzephyrDarkLv 4· only job- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 7
- Where
- Wild from Lv 24
Transporting4 - #28
AnubisGroundLv 4· also Handiwork 6, Mining 6- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 8
- Where
- Wild from Lv 68
Transporting4 - #29
Lv 4· also Generating Electricity 8, Handiwork 3- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 9
- Where
- Wild from Lv 74
Transporting4 - #30
Hangyu CrystIceLv 3· also Handiwork 3, Gathering 2 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 1
- Where
- Wild from Lv 32
Transporting3 - #31
GoriratNeutralLv 3· also Lumbering 3, Handiwork 2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 3
- Where
- Wild from Lv 22
Transporting3 - #32
Gorirat TerraGroundLv 3· also Mining 3, Handiwork 2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 3
- Where
- Wild from Lv 35
Transporting3 - #33
Lv 3· also Mining 3, Watering 2 +2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 4
- Where
- Wild from Lv 15
Transporting3 - #34
Lv 3· also Generating Electricity 3, Mining 3 +2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 4
- Where
- Not in the wild
Transporting3 - #35
DogenNeutralLv 3· also Handiwork 4, Gathering 3 +2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 5
- Where
- Wild from Lv 51
Transporting3 - #36
Incineram NoctDarkLv 3· also Mining 4, Handiwork 3- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 5
- Where
- Wild from Lv 37
Transporting3 - #37
Lv 3· also Kindling 2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 5
- Where
- Wild from Lv 20
Transporting3 - #38
Lv 3· also Cooling 2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 5
- Where
- Wild from Lv 23
Transporting3 - #39
BulldosuGroundLv 3· also Mining 4- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 6
- Where
- Wild from Lv 53
Transporting3 - #40
DynamoffElectricLv 3· also Generating Electricity 6, Gathering 3- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 6
- Where
- Wild from Lv 63
Transporting3 - #41
NyafiaDarkLv 3· also Handiwork 4, Gathering 4 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 6
- Where
- Wild from Lv 50
Transporting3 - #42
VerdashGrassLv 3· also Handiwork 5, Gathering 5 +2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 6
- Where
- Wild from Lv 35
Transporting3 - #43
Lv 3· also Watering 3- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 7
- Where
- Wild from Lv 30
Transporting3 - #44
Lv 3· also Generating Electricity 4- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 7
- Where
- Wild from Lv 48
Transporting3 - #45
ElgroveGrassLv 3· also Planting 3, Lumbering 3 +2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 8
- Where
- Wild from Lv 24
Transporting3 - #46
Lv 3· also Cooling 5, Lumbering 3 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 8
- Where
- Wild from Lv 75
Transporting3 - #47
Lv 3· also Planting 8, Handiwork 6 +2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 9
- Where
- Not in the wild
Transporting3 - #48
FalerisFireLv 3· also Kindling 6- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 9
- Where
- Wild from Lv 76
Transporting3 - #49
Lv 3· also Handiwork 7, Medicine Production 6- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 9
- Where
- Wild from Lv 76
Transporting3 - #50
HangyuGroundLv 2· also Handiwork 1, Gathering 1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 1
- Where
- Wild from Lv 9
Transporting2 - #51
DazziElectricLv 2· also Generating Electricity 3, Handiwork 2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 2
- Where
- Wild from Lv 30
Transporting2 - #52
Lv 2· also Generating Electricity 1, Handiwork 1 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 2
- Where
- Wild from Lv 50
Transporting2 - #53
Lv 2· also Watering 1, Gathering 1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 2
- Where
- Wild from Lv 5
Transporting2 - #54
Lv 2· also Watering 1, Gathering 1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 2
- Where
- Wild from Lv 24
Transporting2 - #55
TombatDarkLv 2· also Mining 3, Gathering 2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 2
- Where
- Wild from Lv 10
Transporting2 - #56
BeegardeGrassLv 2· also Gathering 3, Farming 3 +4- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 3
- Where
- Wild from Lv 20
Transporting2 - #57
Lv 2· also Watering 2, Handiwork 2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 3
- Where
- Wild from Lv 10
Transporting2 - #58
Lv 2· also Watering 2, Handiwork 2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 3
- Where
- Wild from Lv 65
Transporting2 - #59
MimogNeutralLv 2· also Gathering 1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 3
- Where
- Wild from Lv 5
Transporting2 - #60
RobinquillGrassLv 2· also Handiwork 3, Gathering 3 +3- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 3
- Where
- Wild from Lv 22
Transporting2 - #61
Lv 2· also Handiwork 3, Gathering 3 +2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 3
- Where
- Wild from Lv 32
Transporting2 - #62
SoufflineGrassLv 2· also Planting 2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 3
- Where
- Wild from Lv 63
Transporting2 - #63
KatressDarkLv 2· also Handiwork 3, Medicine Production 3- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 4
- Where
- Wild from Lv 20
Transporting2 - #64
Lv 2· also Kindling 3, Handiwork 3 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 4
- Where
- Wild from Lv 40
Transporting2 - #65
LovanderDarkLv 2· also Handiwork 3, Medicine Production 3 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 4
- Where
- Wild from Lv 30
Transporting2 - #66
LunarisNeutralLv 2· also Handiwork 4, Gathering 2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 4
- Where
- Wild from Lv 25
Transporting2 - #67
TarantrissDarkLv 2· also Handiwork 3, Gathering 3 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 4
- Where
- Wild from Lv 20
Transporting2 - #68
WixenFireLv 2· also Kindling 3, Handiwork 3- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 4
- Where
- Wild from Lv 23
Transporting2 - #69
Lv 2· also Kindling 4, Handiwork 4- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 4
- Where
- Wild from Lv 46
Transporting2 - #70
XenovaderDarkLv 2· also Lumbering 3- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 4
- Where
- Not in the wild
Transporting2 - #71
BakemiDarkLv 2· also Medicine Production 4, Handiwork 3- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 5
- Where
- Wild from Lv 65
Transporting2 - #72
BushiFireLv 2· also Lumbering 3, Kindling 2 +2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 5
- Where
- Wild from Lv 25
Transporting2 - #73
Lv 2· also Lumbering 5, Kindling 2 +2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 5
- Where
- Wild from Lv 46
Transporting2 - #74
IcelynIceLv 2· also Handiwork 5, Cooling 5 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 5
- Where
- Wild from Lv 42
Transporting2 - #75
Lv 2· also Kindling 3, Mining 3 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 5
- Where
- Wild from Lv 30
Transporting2 - #76
SnuglooIceLv 2· also Mining 3, Cooling 3 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 5
- Where
- Wild from Lv 32
Transporting2 - #77
VaeletGrassLv 2· also Planting 3, Handiwork 3 +3- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 5
- Where
- Wild from Lv 20
Transporting2 - #78
Lv 2· also Handiwork 5, Medicine Production 4- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 6
- Where
- Wild from Lv 39
Transporting2 - #79
NitemaryDarkLv 2· also Handiwork 4- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 6
- Where
- Wild from Lv 50
Transporting2 - #80
Nitemary BotanGrassLv 2· also Handiwork 4, Planting 3- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 6
- Where
- Wild from Lv 50
Transporting2 - #81
PetalliaGrassLv 2· also Planting 4, Medicine Production 4 +2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 6
- Where
- Wild from Lv 28
Transporting2 - #82
Lv 2· also Kindling 4, Medicine Production 4 +2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 6
- Where
- Wild from Lv 71
Transporting2 - #83
VenusaDarkLv 2· also Handiwork 6, Gathering 6 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 6
- Where
- Wild from Lv 75
Transporting2 - #84
CarniboraGrassLv 2· also Planting 6, Handiwork 4 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 7
- Where
- Wild from Lv 45
Transporting2 - #85
Lv 2· also Watering 5- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 7
- Where
- Wild from Lv 30
Transporting2 - #86
Lv 2· also Kindling 5, Watering 5- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 7
- Where
- Not in the wild
Transporting2 - #87
LeafanGrassLv 2· also Planting 3, Handiwork 3 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 7
- Where
- Wild from Lv 28
Transporting2 - #88
SekhmetGroundLv 2· also Handiwork 6, Mining 3- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 7
- Where
- Wild from Lv 37
Transporting2 - #89
SplatterinaDarkLv 2· also Handiwork 6, Medicine Production 5 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 7
- Where
- Wild from Lv 52
Transporting2 - #90
DupinFireLv 2· also Kindling 7, Handiwork 5 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 8
- Where
- Wild from Lv 55
Transporting2 - #91
FlaracleFireLv 2· also Kindling 7, Handiwork 6- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 8
- Where
- Wild from Lv 68
Transporting2 - #92
Lv 2· also Handiwork 5, Kindling 4 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 8
- Where
- Wild from Lv 35
Transporting2 - #93
SilvanceGrassLv 2· also Medicine Production 8, Planting 6 +2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 9
- Where
- Not in the wild
Transporting2 - #94
Lv 2· also Handiwork 8, Gathering 4- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 9
- Where
- Wild from Lv 76
Transporting2 - #95
CattivaNeutralLv 1· also Handiwork 1, Gathering 1 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 1
- Where
- Wild from Lv 1
Transporting1 - #96
DaedreamDarkLv 1· also Handiwork 1, Gathering 1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 1
- Where
- Wild from Lv 4
Transporting1 - #97
DepressoDarkLv 1· also Handiwork 1, Mining 1 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 1
- Where
- Wild from Lv 4
Transporting1 - #98
FuackWaterLv 1· also Watering 1, Handiwork 1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 1
- Where
- Wild from Lv 6
Transporting1 - #99
Lv 1· also Kindling 2, Watering 2 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 1
- Where
- Wild from Lv 32
Transporting1 - #100
Lv 1· also Planting 1, Gathering 1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 1
- Where
- Wild from Lv 1
Transporting1 - #101
LamballNeutralLv 1· also Handiwork 1, Farming 1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 1
- Where
- Wild from Lv 1
Transporting1 - #102
Lv 1· also Watering 1, Handiwork 1 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 1
- Where
- Wild from Lv 2
Transporting1 - #103
Lv 1· also Generating Electricity 2, Watering 1 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 1
- Where
- Not in the wild
Transporting1 - #104
PupperaiGroundLv 1· also Gathering 1, Lumbering 1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 1
- Where
- Wild from Lv 2
Transporting1 - #105
RibbunyNeutralLv 1· also Handiwork 1, Gathering 1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 1
- Where
- Wild from Lv 1
Transporting1 - #106
Ribbuny BotanGrassLv 1· also Planting 2, Handiwork 2 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 1
- Where
- Wild from Lv 18
Transporting1 - #107
SparkitElectricLv 1· also Generating Electricity 1, Handiwork 1 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 1
- Where
- Wild from Lv 10
Transporting1 - #108
TanzeeGrassLv 1· also Planting 1, Handiwork 1 +2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 1
- Where
- Wild from Lv 4
Transporting1 - #109
Tanzee IgnisFireLv 1· also Kindling 1, Handiwork 1 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 1
- Where
- Wild from Lv 10
Transporting1 - #110
BristlaGrassLv 1· also Planting 2, Handiwork 2 +2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 2
- Where
- Wild from Lv 16
Transporting1 - #111
CelarayWaterLv 1· also Watering 1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 2
- Where
- Wild from Lv 2
Transporting1 - #112
Lv 1· also Generating Electricity 2, Watering 1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 2
- Where
- Wild from Lv 26
Transporting1 - #113
CroajiroWaterLv 1· also Watering 1, Handiwork 1 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 2
- Where
- Wild from Lv 4
Transporting1 - #114
Lv 1· also Handiwork 2, Watering 1 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 2
- Where
- Wild from Lv 61
Transporting1 - #115
FinsiderWaterLv 1· also Watering 2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 2
- Where
- Wild from Lv 1
Transporting1 - #116
Lv 1· also Kindling 2, Watering 2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 2
- Where
- Not in the wild
Transporting1 - #117
FlambelleFireLv 1· also Kindling 1, Handiwork 1 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 2
- Where
- Wild from Lv 4
Transporting1 - #118
FlopieGrassLv 1· also Planting 2, Handiwork 2 +2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 2
- Where
- Wild from Lv 22
Transporting1 - #119
FuddlerGroundLv 1· also Handiwork 1, Mining 1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 2
- Where
- Wild from Lv 5
Transporting1 - #120
GobfinWaterLv 1· also Watering 2, Handiwork 2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 2
- Where
- Wild from Lv 14
Transporting1 - #121
Gobfin IgnisFireLv 1· also Kindling 2, Handiwork 2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 2
- Where
- Wild from Lv 32
Transporting1 - #122
LeezpunkDarkLv 1· also Handiwork 2, Gathering 1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 2
- Where
- Wild from Lv 21
Transporting1 - #123
Leezpunk IgnisFireLv 1· also Kindling 2, Handiwork 2 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 2
- Where
- Wild from Lv 28
Transporting1 - #124
NeedollGrassLv 1· also Planting 3, Gathering 3- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 2
- Where
- Wild from Lv 31
Transporting1 - #125
Lv 1· also Planting 3, Gathering 3- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 2
- Where
- Wild from Lv 33
Transporting1 - #126
WispawDarkLv 1· also Handiwork 2, Lumbering 1 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 2
- Where
- Wild from Lv 11
Transporting1 - #127
AmioneWaterLv 1· also Handiwork 2, Watering 1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 3
- Where
- Wild from Lv 9
Transporting1 - #128
Lv 1· also Watering 2, Mining 2 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 3
- Where
- Wild from Lv 14
Transporting1 - #129
Lv 1· also Farming 4, Watering 2 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 3
- Where
- Wild from Lv 25
Transporting1 - #130
HoodleDarkLv 1· also Handiwork 1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 3
- Where
- Wild from Lv 65
Transporting1 - #131
JellietteWaterLv 1· also Watering 2, Handiwork 1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 3
- Where
- Wild from Lv 6
Transporting1 - #132
Lv 1· also Watering 2, Handiwork 1 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 3
- Where
- Wild from Lv 14
Transporting1 - #133
MufflyIceLv 1· also Cooling 2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 3
- Where
- Wild from Lv 15
Transporting1 - #134
Lv 1· also Cooling 3, Watering 2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 3
- Where
- Wild from Lv 10
Transporting1 - #135
PuffoltElectricLv 1· also Generating Electricity 2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 3
- Where
- Wild from Lv 18
Transporting1 - #136
TurtacleWaterLv 1· also Watering 2, Mining 1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 3
- Where
- Wild from Lv 5
Transporting1 - #137
Lv 1· also Mining 3, Watering 2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 3
- Where
- Wild from Lv 40
Transporting1 - #138
LapironGroundLv 1· also Gathering 4, Handiwork 3 +1- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 4
- Where
- Wild from Lv 63
Transporting1 - #139
Lv 1· also Planting 3, Medicine Production 3 +2- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 5
- Where
- Wild from Lv 50
Transporting1 - #140
WistellaDarkLv 1· also Handiwork 6, Medicine Production 6- Work speed
- 100
- Food
- 5
- Where
- Wild from Lv 66
Transporting1
The earliest you can get each level
For each Transporting level, the Pal that appears in the wild at the lowest level — the one you can catch first rather than the one that is best on paper. Wild spawn levels are the game's spawner data; Pals that only come from breeding, eggs or alphas are not counted here.
| Transporting level | Earliest wild Pal | Wild from | Work speed | Food | Where |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lv 7 | Lv 55 | 100 | 9 | Wildlife Sanctuary, World Tree | |
| Lv 6 | Lv 38 | 100 | 7 | Grasslands, Sakurajima, World Tree | |
| Lv 5 | Lv 30 | 100 | 5 | Desert, Grasslands, World Tree | |
| Lv 4 | Lv 24 | 100 | 7 | Feybreak, World Tree | |
| Lv 3 | Lv 15 | 100 | 4 | Grasslands, Snowfield, Wildlife Sanctuary | |
| Lv 2 | Lv 5 | 100 | 2 | Feybreak, Grasslands, Snowfield | |
| Lv 1 | Lv 1 | 100 | 1 | Grasslands |
A higher level is not automatically the better pick. A Pal that covers a second job you need frees a base slot, and base slots are the real constraint — which is why each row also lists the other jobs it does.
A Pal’s Transporting level is not fixed for life. One handbook raises it — Applied Transporting Handbook I— so a Pal below the top of this list can be brought up to it.
Extracted from Palworld's game files on (build 4570950001).Methodology